PPT Slide

The Helmholtz free energy

plays an important role for systems where T, U and V are fixed

- F is minimum in equilibrium, when U,V and T are fixed!

by using:

immediate relations:

Maxwell relation:

Calculation of the Helmholtz free energy (F) from the partition function (Z):

(proof: by showing that F=-?ln(Z) satisfy the F=U-?? =U+?(?F/??)V relation, or by the use of the Renyi entropy formula --> see extra problem)

Immediate relations: